Muaj ntau cov tshuaj uas tuaj yeem muab tau raws li kev kho qhov ncauj (los ntawm qhov ncauj) rau lymphoma thiab mob qog noj ntshav lymphocytic leukemia.
Txheej txheem cej luam ntawm kev kho qhov ncauj hauv lymphoma (& CLL)
Lymphoma thiab chronic lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL) kev kho mob tuaj yeem ua ke ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Lawv feem ntau tau muab rau hauv cov hlab ntsha (intravenously) thiab feem ntau koom nrog cov tshuaj ua ke nrog rau kev kho tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tshuaj tua kab mob (immunochemotherapy).
Qhov no feem ntau suav nrog kev tswj hwm kev kho mob hauv tsev kho mob lossis hauv chaw kho mob tshwj xeeb. Txawm li cas los xij, tau muaj ntau yam kev mob qog noj ntshav rau kev kho mob qog noj ntshav thiab CLL uas tuaj yeem noj los ntawm qhov ncauj hauv daim ntawv ntsiav tshuaj. Cov no yog hu ua kev kho qhov ncauj.
Kev kho qhov ncauj yog dab tsi?
Kev kho mob ntawm qhov ncauj lymphoma tuaj yeem yog cov tshuaj khomob, kev kho mob, thiab kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Lawv tuaj yeem noj los ntawm qhov ncauj ua ntsiav tshuaj, tshuaj ntsiav, lossis ua kua. Cov tshuaj yog absorbed rau hauv cov hlab ntsha thiab nqa ib ncig zoo li cov tshuaj intravenously.
Kev kho qhov ncauj tuaj yeem ua tau zoo li cov kev xaiv hauv cov hlab ntsha thiab lawv kuj muaj qee qhov kev phiv sib txawv. Muaj ntau yam cuam tshuam txog cov subtype ntawm lymphoma thiab tus neeg mob qhov kev kho mob uas yuav tsum tau sib npaug los xaiv qhov kev kho mob zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lymphoma. Yog li ntawd, qhov kev xaiv yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws hauv kev sib tham nrog tus kws tshaj lij.
Thaum twg siv qhov ncauj kho?
Feem ntau cov tshuaj hauv qhov ncauj siv los kho cov qog ntshav qog ntshav thiab CLL yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob lossis kev kho mob. Cov phiaj xwm kev kho mob raug qhia tawm tsam cov enzymes tshwj xeeb uas xav tau rau lymphoma kom loj hlob thaum cov tshuaj kws khomob khomob tau qhia tawm tsam kev faib cov hlwb sai sai txawm tias lawv yog lymphoma lossis lwm cov hlwb hauv tib neeg lub cev.
Raws li kws khomob cov tshuaj tsis paub qhov txawv ntawm cov qog ntshav qog ntshav thiab cov cell noj qab nyob zoo lawv tsis ua rau lub cev noj qab nyob zoo uas ua rau muaj kev mob tshwm sim xws li txo cov ntshav suav, plaub hau poob, qhov ncauj mob, xeev siab, ntuav thiab raws plab thaum cov kev kho mob feem ntau cuam tshuam tsawg dua cov hlwb noj qab haus huv. tsawg dua ntawm cov kev mob tshwm sim loj.
Pib kev kho qhov ncauj
Ua ntej cov neeg mob pib kho tom tsev:
- Tus kws kho mob yuav sau ntawv kho mob
- Tus kws muag tshuaj yuav muab tshuaj rau tus neeg mob
- Lub sijhawm teem sijhawm yuav raug teem sijhawm los tham txog kev kho mob thiab cov kev mob tshwm sim uas yuav tshwm sim
Tus kws saib xyuas neeg mob lossis tus kws muag tshuaj yuav piav qhia meej tias yuav siv cov tshuaj li cas thiab qhov no yuav suav nrog qhov ntau npaum li cas thiab nws yuav tsum tau noj ntau npaum li cas. Cov lus qhia yuav raug muab rau kev tuav pov hwm thiab khaws cov tshuaj. Txhua qhov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm kev kho mob yuav raug tham, thiab cov ntaub ntawv sau yuav raug muab rau tus neeg mob.
Tej yam uas yuav tsum paub txog kev kho qhov ncauj
Kev kho mob qog noj ntshav hauv qhov ncauj tuaj yeem yog ib qho kev xaiv yooj yim rau cov neeg mob vim lawv tuaj yeem noj hauv tsev, txawm li cas los xij muaj ob peb yam los xav txog:
- Cov neeg mob muaj lub luag haujlwm los xyuas kom meej tias lawv noj lawv cov tshuaj, yog li ntawd tej zaum yuav muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev siv tshuaj ntau ntxiv xws li tsis nco qab noj tshuaj.
nyob rau qee hnub lossis noj cov tshuaj tsis raug uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov tshuaj. - Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas cov neeg mob noj tag nrho cov tshuaj raws li tau sau tseg kom ua kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev kho mob thiab txo qis cov kev mob tshwm sim. Txij li thaum khaws tag nrho cov tshuaj tuaj yeem nyuaj, tham nrog pab pawg tshwj xeeb txog yuav ua li cas kom taug qab. Ntau yam cuab yeej yuav pab tau suav nrog sau cov tshuaj hauv chaw muag tshuaj lossis tsim kev ceeb toom online hauv apps lossis hauv smartphone
- Cov neeg mob yuav hnov tsw txuas nrog lawv pab pawg tshwj xeeb tshaj li qhov lawv xav tau yog tias lawv tau txais cov tshuaj txhaj tshuaj vim lawv mus ntsib tsev kho mob lossis chaw kho mob tshwj xeeb tsawg dua. Txawm li cas los xij, kev noj tshuaj ntawm qhov ncauj hauv tsev yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov neeg mob uas yuav tsum taug kev deb mus rau lawv lub tsev kho mob raws sijhawm thiab nyiaj txiag siv rau kev mus ncig.
- Cov kev mob tshwm sim kuj tuaj yeem tsis pom lossis tsis qhia rau pawg kws tshaj lij thiab cov ntawv pov thawj yuav tsis paub meej tias yuav tswj cov kev mob tshwm sim hauv tsev li cas. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los qhia cov neeg mob thiab lawv cov neeg saib xyuas ntawm cov chaw tseem ceeb no. Ntau yam kev mob tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj hauv qhov ncauj tuaj yeem txo tau los ntawm kev txhawb nqa kev saib xyuas kom cov neeg mob yuav tsum ua tib zoo taug qab txhua qhov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm lawv txoj kev kho mob thiab qhia rau cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb thaum lawv tshwm sim, yog li lawv tau txais kev saib xyuas zoo tshaj plaws.
Kev ceev faj thaum noj qhov ncauj hauv tsev
Pib kev kho mob tom tsev:
- Kev kho qhov ncauj yuav tsum tsis txhob kov ntawm tes. Tej zaum yuav ua rau khaus
- Ntxuav tes zoo nrog xab npum thiab dej tom qab tuav cov tshuaj
- Hnav hnab looj tes thaum hloov khaub ncaws los yog ntaub pua txaj uas muaj ntuav lossis raws plab
- Khaws cov ntsiav tshuaj raws li kws tshuaj qhia
- Khaws cov ntsiav tshuaj kom zoo nyob deb ntawm menyuam yaus thiab tsiaj
- Noj tshuaj kho qhov ncauj raws nraim li tau hais tseg
- Nqa ib daim ntawv teev cov tshuaj tam sim no
- Npaj rau kev mus ncig, rov ua dua tshiab, thiab hnub so
- Yog tias koj hnov mob txhua lub sijhawm hu rau koj pab neeg kho mob
- Qhia rau lwm tus kws kho mob txog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv qhov ncauj
- Rov qab tag nrho cov tshuaj uas tsis tau siv rau lub tsev muag tshuaj kom muab pov tseg kom zoo
Hom kev kho qhov ncauj
TGA tau pom zoo (TGA yog Therapeutic Goods Authority hauv Australia) cov kev kho mob qog noj ntshav hauv qhov ncauj yog cov tshuaj uas inhibit qhov kev loj hlob thiab txhawb kev tuag ntawm cov qog ntshav qog ntshav. Qee qhov kev tiv thaiv kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob ua rau tus neeg mob lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob kom paub txog cov lymphoma hlwb thiab txhawb kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov hlwb no. Muaj ob peb chav kawm ntawm cov tshuaj no hauv qab no:
Qhov ncauj chemotherapy siv nyob rau hauv lymphoma
Tus neeg saib xyuas |
chav kawm ntawv |
Yuav ua li cas nws ua hauj lwm |
Subtypes |
Feem ntau cov kev mob tshwm sim |
| Cyclophosphamide | Kws khomob: Alkylating tus neeg sawv cev | Chemically hloov DNA ua rau tuag ntawm cov hlwb loj hlob | Cll HL NHL | Kev ntshav qis yog suav nrog Tus mob Ntshai & ntuav Poob tsis qab los noj mov |
| Etoposide | Kws khomob: Topoisomerase II inhibitor | Kev cuam tshuam nrog topoisomerase enzymes uas tswj kev tswj hwm ntawm cov qauv DNA tsim nyog rau kev rov ua dua tshiab | Mhoob NHL | Ntshai & ntuav Poob tsis qab los noj mov Zawv plab nkees nkees |
| Chlorambucil | Kws khomob: Alkylating tus neeg sawv cev | Chemically hloov DNA ua rau tuag ntawm cov hlwb loj hlob | Cll FL HL NHL | Kev ntshav qis yog suav nrog Tus mob Ntshai & ntuav Zawv plab |
Lwm yam kev kho qhov ncauj siv hauv lymphoma
Tus neeg saib xyuas |
chav kawm ntawv |
Yuav ua li cas nws ua hauj lwm |
Subtypes |
Feem ntau cov kev mob tshwm sim |
| Ibrutinib | BTK Inhibitor | inhibits ib qho enzyme koom nrog hauv B cell receptor signaling xav tau rau lymphoma cell ciaj sia taus thiab kev loj hlob | Cll MCLs | Lub plawv muaj teeb meem atherosclerosis Teeb meem ntshav qab zib Ntshav siab · Kab mob |
| Acalabrutinib | BTK inhibitor | inhibits ib qho enzyme koom nrog hauv B cell receptor signaling xav tau rau lymphoma cell ciaj sia taus thiab kev loj hlob | Cll MCLs | Mob taub hau Zawv plab Qhov hnyav nce |
| Zanubrutinib | BTK inhibitor | inhibits ib qho enzyme koom nrog hauv B cell receptor signaling xav tau rau lymphoma cell ciaj sia taus thiab kev loj hlob | Cll MCLs WM | Kev ntshav qis yog suav nrog Qhib Zawv plab |
| Idelalisib | P13K inhibitor | inhibits ib qho enzyme koom nrog hauv B cell receptor signaling xav tau rau lymphoma cell ciaj sia taus thiab kev loj hlob | Cll FL | Mob plab Cov teeb meem mob ntsws Cov kab mob |
| Venetoclax | BCL2 inhibitor | Targets proteins paub los tiv thaiv lymphoma cells los ntawm kev tuag | Cll | xeev siab Ntshav Qab Zib Los ntshav teeb meem Kab mob |
| Lenalidomide hmoov | Immunomodulatory tus neeg sawv cev | Tsis paub meej mechanism. Xav kom hloov kho lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. | Siv hauv qee qhov NHLs | Daim tawv nqaij ua pob khaus Nausea Diarrhea |
| Vorinostat | HDAC inhibitor | Inhibits HDAC enzymes xav tau rau kev qhia cov noob hauv DNA kom inhibit lymphoma cell loj hlob thiab faib | Mhoob | Poob tsis qab los noj mov qhov ncauj qhuav Cov kab mob plaub hau |
| Panobinostat | HDAC inhibitor | Inhibits HDAC enzymes xav tau rau kev qhia cov noob hauv DNA kom inhibit lymphoma cell loj hlob thiab faib | HL Mhoob | Cov qib magnesium siab Siab bilirubin Nausea Cov kab mob |
| Bexarotene | Retinoids | Xaiv khi thiab ua kom cov retinoid receptors ua rau kev qhia ntawm cov noob uas tswj kev loj hlob ntawm tes thiab rov ua dua. | Mhoob | Cov tawv nqaij ua pob liab liab xeev siab Cov thyroid hormones qis Cov kab mob |
